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Old 01-02-2008, 11:39 PM   #1
shants
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Default speedometer, odometer, gas gauge don't work

so, i recently picked up a 1995 318ti on the ultracheap and am looking to resolve an issue. symptoms:

* speedometer does not work.
* odometer does not advance but the lights are on
* fuel gauge stays at empty
* temperature gauge fluctuates strangely
* tachometer seems to be totally fine

given that there are numerous things afoot on the console, i have my doubts that the problem lies with the speedometer sensor. i'll still check that out and report back, but is there a single cause that could be the culprit for all of these?

thanks in advance for any and all assistance.
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Old 01-08-2008, 07:44 AM   #2
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Umm, bad connection? Check the harness connector at your cluster and where it plugs into the other connectors under the dash/steering column area towards your firewall. That would be a 'single' source for all these problems. You may have wires loose at either end or connectors that have been slightly pulled apart and are making intermittent or no connection.
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Old 01-08-2008, 08:57 AM   #3
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possibly a fuse?
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Old 01-08-2008, 09:20 AM   #4
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I don't think there would be a single one that could take out three separate sensors (speedo/odom, temp, and fuel). I'd suggest looking at all those sensors given that he picked up the car on the ultracheap, but if you're looking for a quick sanity check, those connections may be first.
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Old 01-08-2008, 11:09 AM   #5
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Quote:
Originally Posted by zboot View Post
I don't think there would be a single one that could take out three separate sensors (speedo/odom, temp, and fuel). I'd suggest looking at all those sensors given that he picked up the car on the ultracheap, but if you're looking for a quick sanity check, those connections may be first.
I was thinking that the cluster itself may have blown a fuse, but the connectors are definitely a possibility. I doubt all three sensors went bad, but anythings possible. Personally I'd try the good ol' cluster test before I went ripping my dash apart to get to those connectors on the back of the cluster. But first I'd check fuse #27. While you're looking in the fuse box, also check fuse #'s 23,31,45 & 46. Here's the cluster test(test #1 is the test concerning the gauges, just hold the odo button in and turn the ignition to position 1, then let go of the button and see if the gauges move):

If you hold in the trip meter button next to the odometer while you turn the key to position 1, the cluster will go into test mode. There's a total of 15 tests. Test#15 is simply used to unlock test #'s 5-14. Cycle through the tests by pressing the trip meter reset button repeatedly. When you get to test#15, hold the button in until the display reads "L-off". Once the display reads L-off, cycle through the tests again until you reach the desired test. A description of each test is listed below:

Test 1: Instrument self test

Test 2: Engine Data - This display is an "engine factor" value that is stored
in the coding plug. The instrument cluster processor uses this factor in
addition to the "TD" signal from the DME control module to process and
display tachometer RPM based on the engine installed. For EXAMPLE:
*ENGINE FACTOR 2 = 4 CYLINDER
*ENGINE FACTOR 3 = 6 CYLINDER
*ENGINE FACTOR 4 = 8 CYLINDER

Test 3: SI elapsed distance - the total mileage in kilometer since the last
reset. Which service is due at the next inspection (OIL SERVICE or INSPECTION)

Test 4: SI elapsed days - no value for US vehicles. Relates to Euro annual inspections.

Test 5: SI evaluation factor - for engine speed and temp. thresholds being passed.
Display: n = 0 or 1. engine speed (over-rev)
t = 0 or 1. engine temp.

Test 6: Fuel Level and coolant temp. - Display of hexadecimal codes in
relation to gauge position.
Fuel gauge Hex value
A (empty)----------> 0d
End of reserve------> 37
B-------------------> 54
C-------------------> 90
D-------------------> c4
E (full)--------------> f0

Engine temp. Hex Value
A-------------------> ce
B-------------------> 6d
C-------------------> 5c
D (center)----------> 4f-23
E-------------------> 1e
F-------------------> 18

Test 7: Engine speed - display of current engine speed

Test 8: Road speed - display of current road speed in km/h

Test 9 Distance reading - this allows the total stored mileage to be updated
if one of the storage components has to be replaced. This test step will be
used if the manipulation dot is illuminated in the cluster display. The
display will show the component with the lower mileage. For example:
Display of 012654 l indicates that the mileage in the internal EEPROM is
lower than the mileage stored in the coding plug.
Display of 000325 E indicates that the mileage in external coding plug is
lower then the total mileage stored in the internal EEPROM.
Pressing the reset button for 4 seconds will over write the lower mileage
with the higher mileage and cancel the manipulation dot. The SI data will
also be transferred at the same time.

Test 10: Status bits (input signals) - the status of digital inputs to the
cluster are displayed as 0 or 1. Display: 0 = input low, 1 = input high.
_ _ _ _ _ _ <--- Mileage display...6 digits left to right
1st - belt contact, seat belt fastened = 0
2nd - ignition lock contact, key inserted = 0
3rd - door contact, door open = 0
4th - clock button pressed = 0
5th - SI reset = 0, for reset = 0
6th - EGS transmission failure = 0

Test 11: Status Bits (output signals) - the status of digital outputs is displayed.
Display: 0 = output inactive, 1 = output active
_ _ _ _ _ _ <--- Mileage display...6 digits left to right
1st - Gond output
2nd - Brake warning lamp
3rd - Low fuel warning lamp
4th - EGA lamp
5th - seat belt lamp
6th - manipulation dot

Test 12: not used

Test 13: Country code of cluster - the display indicates the country version
of the cluster. This cannot be changed in the workshop. Display: USA 02

Test 14: Software Reset - The reset must be carried out if any faults are
present that are not plausible before any components are replaced. After the
reset, the system will exit the TEST mode and the lock will be reactivated.

Test 15: lock/unlock

Hope this helps. The digital tach(test#07) and digital kph speedo(test#08) are both pretty cool. Just start the car when one of these tests are displayed, but try to keep your eyes on the road.
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Old 01-08-2008, 11:19 AM   #6
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I just realized that the OP's temp and tach gauges move, so now I'm leaning towards zboot's advice. whoops!
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